Curriculum can be seen as a means of achieving specific educational goals and objectives. Identify different concepts and definitions of curriculum. Chapter 12 curriculum evaluation sage publications. The questions curriculum designers asked changed little. Hidden curriculum refers to the unwritten, unofficial, and often unintended lessons, values, and perspectives that students learn in school. Everything that is written, taught and tested in an educational program of study. On defining curriculum on curriculum, theorists generally offer a stipulative definition. Chapter 1 the nature of curriculum sage publications. Working toward a common and integrated curriculum requires common and consistent vocabulary. The term schoolfocused is seen to reflect a middle position between centralised and decentralised extremes marsh et al. Because of this, the concept of curriculum is sometimes characterized as. Introduction the concept of curriculum is as dynamic as the changes that occur in society. An overview amanda wall and alisa leckie georgia southern university curriculum integration is a tenet of middle level education. An umbrella term to mean all of the years of compulsory education.
The term curriculum has different interpretations among scholars. Models and concepts of curriculum implementation, some definitions and influence of implementation. Meaning of curriculum the term curriculum has different interpretations among scholars. It has varied definitions and this variation is due to scholars. Modern realism is a broad term, encompassing several movements whose unity lies. Distinguish between narrow and broad definitions of the concept curriculum. The term curriculum refers to the lessons and academic content taught in a school or in a specific course or program. In the curriculum development process, generally speaking, the objectives are clear and specific in behavioral and observable terms.
Curriculum noun the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college. In dictionaries, curriculum is often defined as the courses offered by a school, but it is rarely used in such a general sense in schools. The curriculum is all of the experiences that individual learners have in a program of education whose purpose is to achieve broad goals and related specific objectives, which is planned in terms of a framework of theory and research or past and present professional practice. Many curriculum related terms are frequently used interchangeably even if they refer to different concepts and, depending on the context, the same term may be understood in many different ways by various stakeholders. Glossary of curriculum terminology international bureau. It may refer to a curriculum document, texts, films, and supportive teaching materials that are overtly chosen to support the intentional instructional agenda of a school. Understanding curriculum terms and definitions background and purposes. In education, a curriculum is broadly defined as the totality of student experiences that occur in the educational process. This we believe, the position paper of the association for middle level education, advocates for curriculum that is exploratory, relevant, integrative, and meaningful for young adolescents. Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples log in dictionary. Thus, as an umbrella term, curriculum includes a lot of issues, for example.
Curriculum definition of curriculum by merriamwebster. Hidden curriculum definition the glossary of education. In this sense, a curriculum can be regarded as a checklist of desired outcomes. The term has been around for some time but it was popularized in 2008 with the publication curriculum development by p. Information and translations of curriculum in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.
In a broader sense, it refers to the total learning experiences of individuals not only in schools but in society as well. But debate is still continuing as to the definition of curriculum. One could extend posners categories to include an analysis of curriculum in terms of available resources. Definitions of curriculum in formal education, a curriculum is the set of courses, and their content, offered ata school or university. In a sense, the task of defining the concept of curriculum is perhaps the most difficult of all, for the term curriculum has been used with quite different meanings ever since the field.
What is the definition of an activitybased curriculum. Social expectations of gender, language, behavior, or morals are examples of this. The term of curriculum has various meanings, a variety of literature provide definitions ranging from narrow to broad meanings 26. A curriculum is all the different courses of study that are taught in a school, college. Curriculum definition, the aggregate of courses of study given in a school, college, university, etc the school is adding more science courses to its curriculum. The term often refers specifically to a planned sequence of instruction, or to a view of the students experiences in terms. An example is the diversity of definitions for the term curriculum, a word that in many national languages does not even exist. These terms and related resources provide an overview of curriculum information and definitions. In a sense, the task of defining the concept of curriculum is perhaps the most difficult of.
Definition of curriculum the term curriculum originated from the greek word curere meaning to run a course. Overt, explicit, or written curriculum it is simply that which is written as part of formal instruction of schooling experiences. The nature of curriculum chapter 1 sage publications. To that end, it begins by proposing a broad definition of the term. Pdf the various concepts of curriculum and the factors involved. Glossary of reading terms florida center for reading. Rather, it is intended to be a working reference tool that can be used in a range of activities and help to stimulate reflection among all those involved in curriculum development initiatives. Curriculum noun the subjects comprising a course of study in. As an idea, curriculum came from the latin word for race course,referring to the course of deeds and experiences through which children grow to. Yet since each of these components are essential for effective learningand since each includes hidden barriers that undermine student efforts to become master learners curriculum. The main purpose of the unesco ibe glossary of curriculum related terminology is not to establish standard universally applicable definitions.
The various concepts of curriculum and the factors. The term curriculum is often used to describe only the goals, objectives, or plans, something distinct from the means of methods, materials, and assessment. An example is the diversity of definitions for the term curriculum, a word that in many national. As a result, the summary of those various conceptions are. Posner unpacks the curriculum by examining it in terms of four categories of analysis. It concludes by propos ing a comprehensive and eclectic process that can be used to evaluate a field of study. Hidden curriculum is an important issue in the sociological study of how schools can generate social inequality.
Below are some definitions translations you should be aware of before your interview as they can be used in interview questions. According to the questions raised by marsh 2009, curriculum should not be used to. Being articulate strengthens connections and coherence for both students. Definition of key curriculum terms curriculum mesa. For more detailed information about curriculum terms and processes, please visit the ccta site located at. When teachers design curriculum, they identify what will be done, who will do it, and what schedule to follow. In this session rather than listing the existing interpretations, i would take one step forward, trying to evaluate them with reference to hong kong education context. Curriculum definition the glossary of education reform. Subtitle syllabus and curriculum what do you think is the difference. However, this sort of broad definition can also be confusing, as the term curriculum comes to mean different things to different people.
Curriculum design is a term used to describe the purposeful, deliberate, and systematic organization of curriculum instructional blocks within a class or course. In its narrow sense, curriculum is viewed merely as a listing of subjects to be taught in school. Distinguish between narrow and broad definitions of the. Glossary of curriculum terms 2 ministry of education 1 21stcentury skills 21stcentury skills is the term used to describe the combination of specific skills, content. We can look back in history and find out that the word curriculum originally came from a latin word, which meant a racetrack that horses ran around. Pdf the various concepts of curriculum and the factors. Depending on how broadly educators define or employ the term, curriculum typically refers to the knowledge and skills students are expected. A curriculum vitae is a document used to list ones qualifications and apply for employment. Pdf models and concepts of curriculum implementation. Regarding the meaning of the term curriculum as suggested by the hong kong yearbook in 2006, the meaning tends to urge students improving the society instead of accommodate social needs. Curriculum refers to an interactive system of instruction and learning with specific goals, contents, strategies, measurement, and resources. Identify different concepts and definitions of curriculum and show how they can be related to.
In other words, it is a way for teachers to plan instruction. In fact, definitions of curriculum abound in the literature, in various autonomous discourses using key terms in complex and even in contradictory ways pinar et al. The term curriculum has been derived from a latin word currere which means a. While the formal curriculum consists of the courses, lessons, and learning activities students participate in, as well as the knowledge and skills educators intentionally teach to students, the. Another angle from which to unpack the curriculum is in relation its core claims. Used in english as a latin word since 1630s at scottish universities. The multiple definitions associated with the term are inductively presented in conceptualizations so as to clarify what are the curricular issues that teachers should be concerned about in the school context. An orientation to curriculum this chapter introduces information to help the reader 1. Students are academically engaged when they are participating in activitiesinstruction in a meaningful way and understanding the tasks in which they are involved.
It works in much the same way as a resume and provides detailed information about an individuals educational and work history. Definition of syllabus u a general overall plan of the content that the school should offer the student by way of qualifying him for graduation or certification or for entrance into a. Curriculum definition and meaning collins english dictionary. For these reasons, it is necessary to be clear about the various facets that make up the curriculum, and the ways in which these facets link together and interact in practice. The desired outcome of curriculum is successful transfer andor development of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The core meaning of curriculum is embodied in its latin derivation from a. Curriculum, however, can be defined as prescriptive, descriptive, or both. Often called a cv for short, it is much more comprehensive than the typical resume and therefore can be much longer. Hidden curriculum consists of concepts informally and often unintentionally taught in our school system. Glossary of reading terms accuracy part of fluency. As an idea, curriculum came from the latin word for race course,referring to the course of deeds and experiences through which children grow to becomemature adults1. The curriculum world has a set of terms and concepts that are used to communicate. It is difficult to give a definition for curriculum development, because it will always be affected very strongly by the context in which it takes place.